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The lasting psychological impact of a deeply stressful, disturbing, distressing or harmful experience. Restorative justice often seeks to mitigate trauma and provide the traumatized with closure.

-Generational trauma

The trauma of a particularly negative and impactful event or experience that continues to affect the descendants of those who initially experienced the trauma. The phenomenon was first identified in the children of holocaust survivors and since has been applied to many other groups who have endured extreme oppression or genocide.

Cultural trauma 

The trauma that occurs when members of a collectivity feel they have been subjected to a horrendous event that leaves indelible marks upon their group consciousness, marking their memories forever and changing their future identity in fundamental and irrevocable ways.

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